<p><b>Economic and social profile</b>:</p><p>A port, commercial centre and seat of learning, Aberdeen was the largest city in north-eastern Scotland. A textile industry had developed in the late eighteenth century and employed around 14,000 in the 1840s.<fn>R. Perren, ‘The nineteenth-century economy’, in W. Hamish Fraser and C.H. Lee (eds.), <em>Aberdeen</em><em>, 1800-2000: a new history</em> (2000), 75-6.</fn> Shipbuilding and paper-making were also well established.