<p>It was said of Bishop&#8217;s Castle that the inhabitants had no trade or business except that of elections, which they found very profitable.<fn>J. R. Burton, &#8217;Two Elections for Bishop&#8217;s Castle in the 18th Cent.&#8217;, <em>Salop Arch. Soc. Trans.</em> (ser. 3), ix.

<p>The Jacobites looked on Oxford University as one of their strongholds. When its Jacobite chancellor, the Duke of Ormonde, was attainted in 1715, another Jacobite, his brother, Lord Arran, was elected as his successor, holding the post till his death in 1758. All the Members returned were Tories, the only question being whether they should be moderates or extremists. At Oxford the King did not possess the power of creating honorary doctors, by which a Whig majority was secured at Cambridge.</p><p>In 1715 the old Members, Bromley and Whitlock, were returned unopposed.