Survey

Constituencies and Contested Elections

The House of Commons during the period 1715-54 had 558 Members, elected by 314 constituencies, as follows:

England, 489 Members, 245 constituencies:

40 counties, returning 2 Members each;

196 boroughs, returning 2 Members each;

2 boroughs (London and the combined constituency of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis), returning 4 Members each;

5 boroughs (Abingdon, Banbury, Bewdley, Higham Ferrers, and Monmouth), returning 1 Member each;

2 universities, returning 2 Members each.

Wales, 24 Members, 24 constituencies:

12 counties, returning 1 Member each;

12 boroughs, returning 1 Member each.

Scotland, 45 Members, 45 constituencies:

27 counties, returning 1 Member each;

3 pairs of counties, 1 county in each pair alternating with the other in returning 1 Member;

1 burgh (Edinburgh), returning 1 Member;

14 groups of burghs, each returning 1 Member.

The following tables list the constituencies and show by an X when elections were contested. Contested by-elections are entered by date in the last column. By a contested election is meant one in which the candidates stood a poll. The tables also indicate the size of the electorate, borough electorates being shown as L (large, an electorate of 1,000 or more), M (medium, at least 500 but below 1,000), or S (small, below 500), and the borough franchise by B (burgage holders), C (the corporation), FH (freeholders), FM (freemen, and variations of the freeman franchise), H (inhabitant householders), SL (those paying scot and lot).

The borough franchise shown in these tables differs in six constituencies from that given in Namier Brooke, i. appendix I, viz. Callington H for SL; Castle Rising B for FM; Malton FM for B; Newton B for C; Preston FM for H; Yarmouth FM for C.

Constituencies and Contested Elections: English Counties and Boroughs

English counties              
voters   
General elections      
  
        By-elections when contested 
1715   
1722        
 1727     1734     1741     1747      
BEDFORDSHIRE 2,500 x x x x
BERKSHIRE 3,000   x x
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE 4,000   x x x
CAMBRIDGESHIRE 2,500 x x x       1724
CHESHIRE 5,000 x x x x
CORNWALL 2,300 No contests
CUMBERLAND 4,000   x
DERBYSHIRE 4,000       x
DEVONSHIRE 3,000 No contests
DORSET 2,400     x       Jan. 1727
DURHAM 2,300   x
ESSEX 6,000 x x   x     May 1715
GLOUCHESTERSHIRE 3,000   x   x     1717
HAMPSHIRE 5,200       x
HEREFORDSHIRE 3,800   x
HERTFORDSHIRE 3,000 x x x x     1736
HUNTINGDONSHIRE 1,500         x   1730, 1739
KENT 7,000 x   x x
LANCASHIRE 7,000   x       x
LEICESTERSHIRE 5,000 x       x   Apr. 1715,
1719
LINCOLNSHIRE 5,000             1721, 1724
MIDDLESEX 3,000 x x x     x 1740, 1750
MONMOUTHSHIRE 2,000     x
NORFOLK 6,000 x     x
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE 4,000             1730, 1748
NORTHUMBERLAND 2,000       x     1716, 1723
1748
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE 2,600   x
OXFORDSHIRE 4,000 No contests
RUTLAND 600   x         1730, 1753
SHROPSHIRE 4,000 x x
SOMERSET 4,000 x
STAFFORDSHIRE 5,000           x
SUFFOLK 5,000     x
SURREY 3,500 x x x       1717, 1719,
1742
SUSSEX 4,000 x     x
WARWICKSHIRE 3,500 No contests
WESTMORLAND 2,000         x
WILTSHIRE 3,000 No contests
WORCESTERSHIRE 4,000 x       x
YORKSHIRE 15,000       x     1727, 1742
                        
 

  

             
English counties                                      
Size of electorate    

Franch-

ise         

General elections           By-elections when contested
       1715  1722  1727      1734    1741     1747      
ABINGDON (Berks.) S SL x x x x      
ALDBOROUGH (Yorks.) S SL No contests
ALDEBURGH (Suff.) S FM x           1718, 1719
AMERSHAM (Bucks.) S SL       x     1728, 1735
ANDOVER (Hants) S C     x   x   1749
APPLEBY (Westmld.) S B             1723
ARUNDEL (Suss.) S SL     x   x x
ASHBURTON (Devon) S B     x x
AYLESBURY (Bucks.) S H x   x x x   1730
BANBURY (Oxon.) S C   x         1730
BARNSTAPLE (Devon) S FM   x         1740
BATH (Som.) S C x x x x x x 1720, 1748
BEDFORD (Beds.) M FM x x x     x 1725, 1731
BERE ALSTON (Devon) S B             1721
BERWICK-UPON-TWEED (Northumb.) S FM   x x x     1723
BEVERLEY (Yorks.) M FM   x x x x   1723, 1738
BEWDLEY (Worcs.) S FM x     x     1748
BISHOP’S CASTLE (Salop) S FM x x x   x   1753
BLETCHINGLEY (Surr.) S B             1724
BODMIN (Cornw.) S C   x     x x 1725, 1753
BOROUGHBRIDGE (Yorks.) S B x           1718
BOSSINEY (Cornw.) S FM         x   1731,1737
BOSTON (Lincs.) S FM   x       x 1719, 1730
BRACKLEY (Northants.) S C No contests          
BRAMBER (Suss.) S B x x   x     1728
BRIDGNORTH (Salop) L FM     x x x    
BRIDGWATER (Som.) S SL   x   x  x   1720
BRIDPORT (Dorset) S SL x x x x x   1746
BRISTOL (Glos.) L FM x x   x     1739
BUCKINGHAM (Bucks.) S C x            
BURY ST. EDMUNDS (Suff.) S C   x x        
CALLINGTON (Cornw.) S H   x     x x  
CALNE (Wilts.) S C x x   x      
CAMBRIDGE (Cambs.) S FM x   x       1737
CAMELFORD (Cornw.) S FM No contests        
CANTERBURY (Kent) L FM x x x x x x  
CARLISLE (Cumb.) M FM   x   x x   1721, 1746
CASTLE RISING (Norf.) S B No contests          
CHESTER (Cheshire) L FM x x x x   x Jan. 1733, Mar. 1733
CHICHESTER (Suss.) M SL x   x x     1724, 1733
CHIPPENHAM (Wilts.) S B x     x x   1723, 1737
CHIPPING WYCOMBE (Bucks.) S FM   x         Feb. 1726, Mar. 1726
CHRISTCHURCH (Hants) S C     x       1724, 1732, 1740
CIRENCESTER (Glos.) M H   x x        
CLITHEROE (Lancs.) S B x x          
COCKERMOUTH (Cumb.) S B     x       Apr. 1717, July 1717, 1738
COLCHESTER (Essex) L FM x x x   x x 1735
CORFE CASTLE (Dorset) S SL x           1718
COVENTRY (Warws.) L FM x x   x x   Dec. 1722, 1737, Dec. 1747
CRICKLADE (Wilts.) S FH   x x x x   1721
DARTMOUTH (Devon) S FM x            
DERBY (Derbys.) M FM x     x   x 1742, 1748
DEVIZES (Wilts.) S C   x          
DORCHESTER (Dorset) S SL   x   x     1720, 1752
DOVER (Cinque Port) M FM     x x x    
DOWNTON (Wilts.) S B             Dec. 1747, 1751
DROITWICH (Worcs.) S C           x  
DUNWICH (Suff.) S FM x x x       Dec. 1722
DURHAM (co. Dur.) L FM   x       x 1730
EAST GRINSTEAD (Suss.) S B No contests          
EAST LOOE (Cornw.) S FM No contests          
EAST RETFORD (Notts.) S FM   x     x    
EVESHAM (Worcs.) M FM x x x x      
EXETER (Devon) L FM   x   x      
EYE (Suff.) S SL           x  
FOWEY (Cornw.) S SL No contests          
GATTON (Surr.) S SL             1749
GLOUCESTER (Glos.) L FM x x x x x    
GRAMPOUND (Cornw.) S FM         x    
GRANTHAM (Lincs.) S FM x x          
GREAT BEDWYN (Wilts.) S B   x x x   x 1738
GREAT GRIMSBY (Lincs.) S FM x x x   x   1721
GREAT MARLOW (Bucks.) S SL x x x x     1731, 1732, 1744
GREAT YARMOUTH (Norf.) M FM    x x x x   1730
GUILDFORD (Surr.) S FM   x   x     1728
HARWICH (Essex) S C   x   x      
HASLEMERE (Surr.) S FH x x       x
HASTINGS (Cinque Port) S FM x x   x
HEDON (Yorks.) S FM         x x 1744, 1746
HELSTON (Cornw.) S C No contests
HEREFORD (Herefs.) L FM x   x x x x 1717, 1723
HERTFORD (Herts.) M FM x x         Jan. 1727
HEYTESBURY (Wilts.) S B   x
HIGHAM FERRERS (Northants.) S FM             1724
HINDON (WILTS.) S H x   x       1751
HONITON (Devon) S H x x x     x 1716, 1735
HORSHAM (Suss.) S B x
HUNTINGDON (Hunts.) S FM         x  
HYTHE (Cinque Port) S FM x x x       1728
ILCHESTER (Som.) S H x x   x
IPSWICH (Suff.) M FM     x x x   1730
KING’S LYNN (Norf.) S FM           x  
KINGSTON-UPON-HULL (Yorks.) M FM   x x x   x 1724
KNARESBOROUGH (Yorks.) S B x
LANCASTER (Lancs.) L FM     x x     1745
LAUNCESTON (Cornw.) S FM x x   x
LEICESTER (Leics.) L FM   x x x     1737
LEOMINSTER (Herefs.) S SL x x x x x x Mar. 1717, June 1717 1742
LEWES (Suss.) S SL   x   x x    
LICHFIELD (Staffs.) M FM x x x     x 1718, 1753
LINCOLN (Lincs.) M FM   x x x x x 1728
LISKEARD (Cornw.) S FM No contests
LIVERPOOL (Lancs.) L FM   x x x     1723, 1729
LONDON (Mdx.) L FM x x x x x x 1724
LOSTWITHIEL (Cornw.) S C   x         1724, Jan. 1727
LUDGERSHALL (Wilts.) S FH x x   x
LUDLOW (Salop) M FM x x x
LYME REGIS (Dorset) S FM   x x x   x 1729
LYMINGTON (Hants.) S FM             1729
MAIDSTONE (Kent) M FM x x x x x x 1716, 1723, 1740, 1753
MALDON (Essex) M1S in 1715 and 1722, M in 1747. FM x x   x   x  
MALMESBURY (Wilts.) S C   x       x  
MALTON (Yorks.) S FM x
MARLBOROUGH (Wilts.) S C x x   x     1737
MIDHURST (Suss.) S B No contests
MILBORNE PORT (Som.) S SL     x x x x 1717
MINEHEAD (Som.) S H x x x       1717, 1721, 1723, 1737, 1739
MITCHELL (Cornw.) S SL       x x
MONMOUTH (Mon.) L FM x
MORPETH (Northumb.) S FM x   x
NEWARK (Notts.) M SL x   x x x   Dec. 1715, 1751
NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME (Staffs.) M FM x     x     1724
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE (Northumb.) L FM x x x x x
NEWPORT (Cornw.) S B No contests
NEWPORT I.o.W (Hants) S C No contests
NEW ROMNEY (Cinque Port) S C x   x x x
NEW SHOREHAM (Suss.) S SL x     x     1739
NEWTON (Lancs.) S B No contests
NEWTOWN I.o.W (Hants) S B     x
NEW WINDSOR (Berks.) S SL x x x       1738
NEW WOODSTOCK (Oxon.) S FM   x x       1721
NORTHALLERTON (Yorks.) S B No contests
NORTHAMPTON (Northants.) L H   x x x     June 1715
NORWICH (Norf.) L FM x   x x x   1735
NOTTINGHAM (Notts.) L FM x x x       May 1747
OKEHAMPTON (Devon) S FM No contests
OLD SARUM (Wilts.) S B x           1728, 1751
ORFORD (Suff.) S FM   x x x     1721
OXFORD (Oxon.) L FM   x
PENRYN (Cornw.) S SL       x x  
PETERBOROUGH (Northants.) S SL     x x x
PETERSFIELD (Hants) S B   x   x x   Jan. 1727
PLYMOUTH (Devon) S FM             1739
PLYMPTON ERLE (Devon) S FM No contests
PONTEFRACT (Yorks.) S B x
POOLE (Dorset) S FM No contests
PORTSMOUTH (Hants) S FM         x
PRESTON (Lancs.) M FM   x     x   1732
QUEENBOROUGH (Kent) S FM x x       x 1728, 1729
READING (Berks.) M SL x x x x     1716, 1720, 1739, 1740
REIGATE (Surr.) S FH   x         1717
RICHMOND (Yorks.) S B x   x
RIPON (Yorks.) S B x
ROCHESTER (Kent) M FM   x   x x   1743
RYE (Cinque Port) S FM No contests
ST. ALBANS (Herts.) M FM x x x x     1717, 1730, 1743
ST. GERMANS (Cornw.) S H No contests
ST. IVES (Cornw.) S SL   x   x     1721, Dec. 1747, 1751
ST. MAWES (Cornw.) S FM   x   x
SALISBURY (Wilts.) S C x x   x   x
SALTASH (Cornw.) S C x x         1718
SANDWICH (Cinque Port) M FM x x x   x   1720, 1725
SCARBOROUGH (Yorks.) S C         x x 1736, 1744
SEAFORD (Cinque Port) S SL           x
SHAFTESBURY (Dorset) S SL x x x x     May 1715, 1718, 1738, Dec. 1747
SHREWSBURY (Salop) S2Reduced from L to S in 1723. FM   x x x   x
SOUTHAMPTON (Hants) M FM x   x x x x 1737
SOUTHWARK (Surr.) L SL   x   x x x 1724, 1730, 1743
STAFFORD (Staffs.) S FM   x   x     1724
STAMFORD (Lincs.) M SL     x x
STEYNING (Suss.) S SL x x x x     1724, 1740
STOCKBRIDGE (Hants) S SL x           1735
SUDBURY (Suff.) M FM       x   x 1726, Jan. 1734
TAMWORTH (Staffs.) S SL   x x x x   1735
TAUNTON (Som.) M H x x     x   1724
TAVISTOCK (Devon) S FH x     x
TEWKESBURY (Glos.) M FM   x x x     1721
THETFORD (Norf.) S C No contests
THIRSK (Yorks.) S B No contests
TIVERTON (Devon) S C         x   Dec. 1747
TOTNES (Devon) S FM       x x x 1732
TREGONY (Cornw.) S H     x     x Feb. 1737, Mar. 1737
TRURO (Cornw.) S C   x
WALLINGFORD (Berks.) S SL x x x x x x 1719, 1740
WAREHAM (Dorset) M SL   x x x   x
WARWICK (Warwicks.) M SL x x   x     Nov. 1722
WELLS (Som.) S FM x x x x   x 1716, 1719
WENDOVER (Bucks.) S H x x   x x   1728, 1735
WENLOCK (Salop) M FM   x
WEOBLEY (Heref.) S B x x   x   x 1718, 1730, 1732
WESTBURY (Wilts.) S B x x x x x x 1724
WEST LOOE (Cornw.) S FM No contests
WESTMINSTER (Mdx.) L SL   x     x x Dec. 1722, 1750
WEYMOUTH MELCOMBE REGIS (Dorset) S FH     x   x   1730, 1735
WHITCHURCH (Hants) S B x x         1721, Feb. 1727
WIGAN (Lancs.) S FM           x
WILTON (Wilts.) S C No contests
WINCHELSEA (Cinque Port) S FM         x x
WINCHESTER (Hants) S FM x     x   x 1730, 1751
WOOTTON BASSETT (Wilts.) S SL   x x x x x  
WORCESTER (Worcs.) L FM x   x x x x 1744
YARMOUTH I.o.W. (Hants) S FM x
YORK (Yorks.) L FM x x     x
       
Universities     General elections     By-elections when contested
 1715  1722 1727 1734 1741  1747
CAMBRIDGE     x x     1720
OXFORD   x         Feb. 1737, Mar. 1737, 1750

 

Constituencies and Contested Elections: Welsh Counties

Welsh counties                 
Approx. no. of voters  
General  elections         By-elections when contested
1715      
1722        
 1727     1734    1741    1747  
ANGLESEY 360   x x   x   1725
BRECONSHIRE 1,200   x   x
CAERNARVONSHIRE 500           x
CARDIGANSHIRE 800 x   x   x
CARMARTHENSHIRE 1,200 x x x
DENBIGHSHIRE 1,600   x     x   1716
FLINTSHIRE 800     x
GLAMORGAN 1,300       x     1745
MERIONETH 600 No contests
MONTGOMERYSHIRE 1,300 No contests
PEMBROKESHIRE 1,000 x   x   x
RADNORSHIRE 1,000 x x x x x x  

 

Constituencies and Contested Elections: Welsh Boroughs

Welsh boroughs                                  
Size of electorate   

Franch

-ise

General  elections         By-elections when contested
            1715      1722         1727      1734     1741     1747   
BEAUMARIS (Anglesey) S C   x x
BRECON (Brec.) S FM     x       1723, 1740
CAERNARVON BOROUGHS (Caern.) L FM   x
CARDIFF BOROUGHS (Card.) S FM     x x
CARDIGAN BOROUGHS (Card.) L FM       x x   1725, 1729, 1746
CARMARTHEN (Carm.) S FM     x   x
DENBIGH BOROUGHS (Denb.) S3Reduced fromL to S in 1744. FM x       x
FLINT BOROUGHS (Flint.) M4Reduced from L to M in 1728. SL   x x x x
HAVERFORDWEST (Pemb.) S FM       x x   May 1715
MONTGOMERY (Mont.) S5Reduced from M to S in 1728. FM x x x
NEW RADNOR BOROUGHS (Rad.) L FM x   x x
PEMBROKE BOROUGHS (Pemb.) S FM x       x

 

Constituencies and Contested Elections: Scottish Counties

Scottish counties Approx. no. of voters General  elections         By-elections when contested
    1715 1722  1727  1734  1741  1747  
ABERDEENSHIRE 55     x x
ARGYLLSHIRE 50 No contests
AYRSHIRE 103       x x
BANFFSHIRE 40       x x
BERWICKSHIRE 50       x x x
DUMFRIESSHIRE 70       x x
DUNBARTONSHIRE 20   x
EDINBURGHSHIRE 80   x         1737, 1744
ELGINSHIRE 50         x
FIFESHIRE 81 x         x
FORFARSHIRE 70     x x     1735
HADDINGTONSHIRE 55 No contests
INVERNESS-SHIRE 80 x x x x
KINCARDINESHIRE 30 x     x     1744
KIRKCUDBRIGHT STEWARTRY 51     x x x
LANARKSHIRE 70   x         1718, 1735, 1750
LINLITHGOWSHIRE 40   x   x     1743
ORKNEY & SHETLAND 7   x
PEEBLESSHIRE 20     x x     1732
PERTSHIRE 39 x   x       1726
RENFREWSHIRE 40   x         1742
ROSS-SHIRE 31   x     x   1746
ROXBURGHSHIRE 60             1726
SELKIRKSHIRE 31           x
STIRLINGSHIRE 51   x x x
SUTHERLAND 10   x   x x x
WIGTOWNSHIRE 37       x   x
BUTESHIRE6Of Buteshire and Caithness one county was not represented in every Parliament. 15 not rep.   not rep.   not rep.
CAITHNESS 13 x not rep. x not rep. x not rep.
CLACKMANNANSHIRE7Of Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire one county was not represented in every Parliament. 25 not rep.   not rep. x not rep.
KINKROSS-SHIRE 25 x not rep.   not rep. x not rep.
NAIRNSHIRE8Of Nairnshire and Cromartyshire one county was not represented in every Parliament. 20 not rep.   not rep.   not rep.   1735
CROMARTYSHIRE 10   not rep.   not rep. x not rep.

 

Constituencies and Contested Elections: Scottish Burghs

Scottish Burgh9See Namier & Brooke, i. 43-44. Size of electorate

Franch

-ise      

General  elections         By-elections when contested
  1715 1722  1727  1734  1741  1747
ABERDEEN BURGHS     x x     x   1748
ANSTRUTHER EASTER BURGHS       x     x
AYR BURGHS     No contests
DUMFRIES BURGHS       x   x x   1735
DYSART BURGHS       x   x
EDINBURGH S C x       x
ELGIN BURGHS     x x
GLASGOW BURGHS         x
HADDINGTON BURGHS       x   x x
INVERNESS BURGHS       x
LINLITHGOW BURGHS       x     x x 1725
PERTH BURGHS       x
STIRLING BURGHS           x
TAIN BURGHS       x     x x 1742
WIGTOWN BURGHS           x
Notes
  • 1. S in 1715 and 1722, M in 1747.
  • 2. Reduced from L to S in 1723.
  • 3. Reduced fromL to S in 1744.
  • 4. Reduced from L to M in 1728.
  • 5. Reduced from M to S in 1728.
  • 6. Of Buteshire and Caithness one county was not represented in every Parliament.
  • 7. Of Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire one county was not represented in every Parliament.
  • 8. Of Nairnshire and Cromartyshire one county was not represented in every Parliament.
  • 9. See Namier & Brooke, i. 43-44.